Criminal Sanctions’ Reformulation in the Reclamation of the Mining Community

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v16no1.2222

Abstract

The norm of sanctions outlined in the 2020 Mining Law, shaped by irrational legislative policies, can lead to criminal disparities and contribute to criminogenic factors. This research emphasizes the need for reformulation of sanctions related to reclamation obligations within the community mining category. The primary aim is to realign the rationale behind criminalizing post-mining reclamation responsibilities. The discussion centers on reformulating provisions specifically for the reclamation obligations of community mining. Employing normative legal research methods, the study identifies the reclamation obligation sanction as an omission offense, characterized as both a passive and formal crime. The proposed reformulation is grounded in the principle of balancing a double-track system of sanctions, where criminal penalties serve as a last resort if action sanctions are disregarded. Action sanctions are prioritized to focus on restoring post-mining environmental conditions, and it is recommended that criminal sanctions and fines within the community mining category be less severe to encourage compliance and sustainability.

Keywords:

Criminalization, Criminal Sanctions, People's Mining, Reclamation, Reformulation

References

Angga, La Ode. “Legal Responsibility in the Pollution and Environmental Destruction Due to Gold Mining Exploitation in Botak Mountain of Buru Regency.” Fiat Justisia 13, no. 4 (2019): 382. https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v13no3.1695.

Anindarini, Grita, Antonius Aditantyo, Adrianus Eryan, and Marsya Mutmainah. “Beberapa Kritik Hukum Terhadap Perubahan UU No. 4 Tahun 2009 Tentang Mineral Dan Batubara.” Jakarta, 2020. https://icel.or.id/storage/seri_analisis/1646670165.pdf.

Arief, Barda Nawawi. Kebijakan Legislatif Dalam Penanggulangan Kejahatan Dengan Pidana Penjara. Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing, 2010.

Asmarhansyah, and Rahmat Hasan. “Reklamasi Lahan Bekas Tambang Timah Berpotensi Sebagai Lahan Pertanian Di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung.” Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan 12, no. 2 (2018): 74. https://doi.org/10.21082/jsdl.v12n2.2018.73-82.

Azhar, Muhamad. “Omnibus Law Sebagai Solusi Hiperregulasi Menuju Sinkronisasi Peraturan Per-Undang-Undangan Di Indonesia.” Administrative Law and Governance 2, no. 1 (2019): 70–78. https://doi.org/10.14710/alj.v2i1.170-178.

Faisal. Politik Hukum Pidana. Tangerang: Rangkang Education, 2020.

Faisal, Ndaru Satrio, and Komang Jaka Ferdian. “Evaluasi Perbaikan Kebijakan Penegakan Hukum Pertambangan Perspektif Genealogi Hukum Dan Kuasa Di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan.” Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana 9, no. 3 (2020): 487. https://doi.org/10.24843/JMHU.2020.v09.i03.p02.

Habibah, Nur, Fournita Agustina, and Yulia. “Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Program Reklamasi Lahan Bekas Tambang Di Desa Gunung Muda Kecamatan Belinyu Kabupaten Bangka.” Journal of Integrated Agribusiness 1, no. 2 (2019): 98. http://repository.ubb.ac.id/2860/.

Handayani, I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi, Adi Sulistiyono, Tommy Leonard, Ardi Gunardi, and Fatma Ulfatun Najicha. “Environmental Management Strategy in Mining Activities in Forest Area Accordance with the Based Justice in Indonesia.” Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues 21, no. 2 (2018): 1–8. https://www.abacademies.org/articles/Environmental-management-strategy-in-mining-activities-in-forest-area-accordance-with-the-based-justice-in-indonesia-1544-0044-21-2-156.pdf.

Hieariej, Eddy O. S. Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Cahaya Atma, 2015.

Irsan, Helmanida, and Yunial Laily Mutiari. “Kebijakan Reklamasi Pasca Tambang Sebagai Bentuk Pengendalian Lahan Bekas Tambang Batubara Ditinjau Dari Kewenangan Otonomi Daerah Di Sumatera Selatan.” Jurnal Of Law Simbur Cahaya 23, no. 1 (2016): 3. https://ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jlsc.

Khakim, Lutfi Zaini. “Model Revitalisasi Lahan Dampak Pertambangan Pasir Besi (Perspektif Implementasi Perda Kabupaten Cilacap Nomor 17 Tahun 2010).” Pandecta: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Hukum 9, no. 1 (2014): 117. https://doi.org/10.15294/pandecta.v9i1.2854.

Kurniawan, Ali R., and Wulandari Surono. “Model Reklamasi Tambang Rakyat Berwawasan Lingkungan: Tinjauan Atas Reklamasi Lahan Bekas Tambang Batu Apung Ijobalit, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat.” Jurnal Teknologi Mineral Dan Batubara 9, no. 3 (2013): 172. https://doi.org/10.30556/jtmb.Vol9.No3.2013.760.

Li, Gensheng, Zhenqi Hu, Dongzhu Yuan, Pengyu Li, Zhanjie Feng, Yibo Hei, and Wenjuan Wang. “A New Approach To Increase Land Reclamation Rate In Coal Mining Subsidence Area: A Case Study Of Guqiao Coal Mine, China.” Land Degradation And Development 1 (2022): 1. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4184.

Linanda, Ayu, and Hudali Mukti. “Kewajiban Perusahaan Pertambangan Dalam Melaksanakan Reklamasi Dan Pascatambang Di Kota Samarinda.” Yuriska: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 8, no. 2 (2016): 73. https://doi.org/10.24903/yrs.v8i2.156.

Marinah, Dende Ratna Sari, Amiruddin, and Moh. Risnain. “Formulation of Administrative Criminal Sanctions in Law Number 11 of 2020 Concerning Creation of Work: Analysis of the Environment.” International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 5, no. 1 (2022): 68–78.

Muhdar, Muhammad. “Aspek Hukum Reklamasi Pertambangan Batu Bara Pada Kawasan Hutan Di Kalimantan Timur.” Mimbar Hukum 27, no. 3 (2015): 474. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh.15883.

Mustalahti, Irmeli, Violeta Gutiérrez-Zamora, Maija Hyle, Bishnu Prasad Devkota, and Nina Tokola. “Responsibilization in Natural Resources Governance: A Romantic Doxa?” Forest Policy and Economics 111 (2020): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2019.102033.

Noor, Hendry Julian, Kardiansyah Afkar, and Henning Glaser. “Application of Sanctions Against State Administrative Officials Failing to Implement Administrative Court Decisions.” BestuuR 9, no. 1 (2021): 53–67. https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v9i1.49686.

Prayogo, Ade Lutfi. “Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha Pertambangan Rakyat Dalam Reklamasi Gumuk Setelah Kegiatan Tambang.” Lentera Hukum 5, no. 3 (2018): 435. https://doi.org/10.19184/ejlh.v5i3.8201.

Rahayu, Derita Prapti. “Budaya Hukum Penambang Timah Inkonvensional (TI) Terhadap Mekanisme Perizinan Berdasar Perda Pengelolaan Pertambangan Umum Di Propinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 41, no. 4 (2012): 494. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.41.4.2012.493-504.

Rahayu, Derita Prapti, Faisal, and Jamilah Cholillah. “Rekonstruksi Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Perizinan Pertambangan Rakyat Berbasis Nilai Kearifan Lokal (Studi Kasus Izin Pertambangan Rakyat Di Kabupaten Belitung Timur).” In Prosiding Seminar Hukum Dan Publikasi Nasional (Serumpun) I, 447. Pangkal Pinang: Univeristas Bangka Belitung, 2019. https://prosiding.fh.ubb.ac.id/index.php/prosiding-serumpun/article/view/49/42.

Rahmawati, Nora Dwi. “Konstruksi Hukum Reklamasi Terhadap Pelaku Pertambangan Ilegal.” LoroNG: Media Pengkajian Sosial Budaya 8, no. 1 (2019): 88. http://urj.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/lorong/article/view/412.

Sholehuddin. Sistem Sanksi Dalam Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2003.

Somek, Alexander. “Two Worlds Of Legal Scholarship and the Philosophy of Law.” In Common Law – Civil Law: The Great Divide?, edited by Nicoletta Bersier, Christoph Bezemek, and Frederick Schauer, 1st ed., 141–53. Cham: Springer, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87718-7.

Sulaiman, and Ade Arif Firmansyah. “The Reconstruction of Energy Management Law Based on Indonesia Legal System.” Fiat Justisia 12, no. 1 (2018): 41. https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v12no1.

Sumarwoto, Mahmutarrom, and Ifrani. “Deradicalisation to Combat Terrorism: Indonesia and Thailand Cases.” Sriwijaya Law Review 4, no. 2 (2020): 249–60. https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.Vol4.Iss2.232.pp%25p.

Wiryani, Fifik, and Mokhammad Najih. “The Criticism of Land Procurement Law to Improve Landowners Welfare in Indonesia.” Sriwijaya Law Review 5, no. 2 (2021): 175–91. https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.Vol5.Iss2.1073.pp175-191.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Total Abstract Views: 203 | Total Downloads: 192

Downloads

Authors

  • Faisal Faisal Universitas Bangka Belitung, Indonesia
  • Derita Prapti Rahayu Universitas Bangka Belitung, Indonesia
  • Yokotani Yokotani Universitas Bangka Belitung, Indonesia

Published

2022-06-07

How to Cite

Faisal, Faisal, Derita Prapti Rahayu, and Yokotani Yokotani. 2022. “Criminal Sanctions’ Reformulation in the Reclamation of the Mining Community”. Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 16 (1):11-30. https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v16no1.2222.

Issue

Section

Articles