Challenging Impunity: Colombia and Nicaragua's Intervention in the Israeli Genocide Case at the ICJ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v18no4.3593Abstract
In 2023, Colombia and Nicaragua intervened in cases where Israel was accused of genocide. These interventions challenge the principle of impunity often enjoyed by powerful states. Colombia and Nicaragua have taken a stand against perceived injustices and sought to influence the course of the international legal process. This research used normative research methods, namely international law literature, legal documents, and previous ICJ decisions. This article analyzed the legal basis of the intervention and its impact on international law enforcement efforts related to genocide. This analysis is expected to contribute to the ongoing discussion in international law, particularly regarding state responsibility for the crime of genocide. This case challenges the practice of impunity in international law, particularly in relation to state actions deemed to violate human rights on a mass scale. This research also contributes to our understanding of the role of the ICJ in dealing with allegations of genocide, as well as the importance of small and medium-sized state interventions in fighting for international justice.
Keywords:
Genocide, Human Rights, Impunity, International Court of Justice, International LawReferences
Adamu, Awa. “The Fight Against Terrorism, the Common Responsibility of States? A Look at the Israel-Hamas Conflict.” American Journal of Social and Humanitarian Research 5, no. 2 (2024).
Alexander, Atul. “Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip (South Africa v. Israel) at the International Court of Justice.” Chinese Journal of International Law 23, no. 1 (2024): 185–90.
Amr, Mohamed Sameh M. The Role of the International Court of Justice as the Principal Judicial Organ of the United Nations. Vol. 40. Brill, 2021.
Barrie, George N. “Third-Party State Intervention in Disputes before the International Court of Justice: A Reassessment of Articles 62 and 63 of the ICJ Statute.” Comp Int Law J South Afr 53 (2020): 1–20.
Blank, Laurie. “Humanitarian Intervention?” In International Conflict and Security Law, 121–40. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2023.
Borlini, Leonardo. “The Security Council and Non-State Domestic Actors: Changes in Non-Forcible Measures between International Lawmaking and Peacebuilding.” Va. J. Int’l L. 61 (2020): 489.
Cavallaro, James L, and Jamie O’Connell. “When Prosecution Is Not Enough: How the International Criminal Court Can Prevent Atrocity and Advance Accountability by Emulating Regional Human Rights Institutions.” Yale J. Int’l L. 45 (2020): 1.
Chehtman, Alejandro. “The Use of Force at the International Court of Justice.” The Cambridge Companion to the International Court of Justice, 2021.
Cisneros, Paúl. “How Do Courts Contribute to Policy Integration? A Comparative Study of Policy Integration Processes in Colombia, Ecuador, and Guatemala.” Policy Sciences 56, no. 3 (2023): 613–32.
Demjanick, Kelly. Justice and Peace: The Role of Victims in International Criminal Proceedings and Their Ability to Facilitate Conflict Prevention. The American University of Paris (France), 2020.
Doerfler, Ryan D, and Samuel Moyn. “Democratizing the Supreme Court.” Cal. L. Rev. 109 (2021): 1703.
Donovan, Brian. “Reply in Opposition to Israel’s Response to South Africa’s Application Filed With the ICJ.” Available at SSRN 4696930, 2024.
Fachri, Ferinda K. “Afrika Selatan: Bila ICJ Tidak Segera Bertindak, Membangun Kembali Palestina Akan Hancur.” Hukumonline, n.d. https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/afrika-selatan--bila-icj-tidak-segera-bertindak--membangun-kembali-palestina-akan-hancur-lt6646cd242d6be/#!
Fernández Arribas, Gloria. “The ICJ Order on Provisional Measures of January 2024 in South Africa v. Israel on Genocide Case: An Expected but Disappointing Decision,” 2024.
Finkelstein, Norman. Gaza: An Inquest into Its Martyrdom. Univ of California Press, 2021.
Galeotti, Mark. The Weaponisation of Everything: A Field Guide to the New Way of War. Yale University Press, 2022.
Gomez, Nicolas. “The Difficulties with Ensuring Responsibility: A Critique of Oona Hathaway’s Interpretation of Common Article 1.” Sw. J. Int’l L. 29 (2023): 187.
Gunawan, Yordan, Muhamad Haris Aulawi, Rizaldy Anggriawan, and Tri Anggoro Putro. “Command Responsibility of Autonomous Weapons under International Humanitarian Law.” Cogent Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 2139906. doi:10.1080/23311886.2022.2139906.
Gunawan, Yordan, Arif Budiman, Nafiza Fauziah, and Wa Ode Fithrah Az Zalia Syamsudin. “Journalist Protection on the Battlefield Under the International Humanitarian Law: Russia-Ukraine War.” Jurnal Hukum Unissula 39, no. 1 (2023): 1–11. doi:10.26532/jh.v39i1.24685.
Gunawan, Yordan, Ghiyats Amri Wibowo, and Mohammad Hazyar Arumbinang. “Foreign Fighters in the Ukrainian Armed Conflict: An International Humanitarian Law Perspective.” Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi 6, no. 2 SE-Articles (December 27, 2023): 145–57. doi:10.24090/volksgeist.v6i2.9315.
Hayeem, Abe, Anthony Isaacs, Anthony Rudolf, Antony Lerman, Antony Loewenstein, D D Guttenplan, Donald Sassoon, Emma Clyne, Eyal Weizman, and Francesca Klug. A Time to Speak out: Independent Jewish Voices on Israel, Zionism and Jewish Identity. Verso Books, 2020.
Herbert, Eti Best. “The Role of the International Court of Justice in Actualising Global Peace.” Indian Journal of International Law 59, no. 1 (2021): 323–54.
Heriyanto, Dodik Setiawan Nur. “Mendesak Israel,” January 22, 2024.
Hertzfeld, Henry R. “Unsolved Issues of Compliance with the Registration Convention.” Journal of Space Safety Engineering 8, no. 3 (2021): 238–44.
Hilpold, Peter. “The Icj’s Power to Issue Interim Measures According to Article 41 of the Icj Statute at the Test: South Africa vs. Israel Before the Icj.” Israel Before the Icj (April 26, 2024), 2024.
Hofisi, Sharon. “Combating Impunity: Examining Amicus Curiae, the International Criminal Court, and Accountability for Conflct-Related Sexual Violence in the Ongoing Ukraine Conflict,” 2023.
Irvin-Erickson, Douglas. “The History of Raphael Lemkin and the UN Genocide Convention.” Handbook of Genocide Studies, no. 2017 (2023): 7–26. doi:10.4337/9781800379343.00009.
Kenny, Cóman, and Travis Farr. “The International Criminal Court’s Opportunity to Correct the Erroneous Interpretation of the Mens Rea for Genocide.” Human Rights Quarterly 46, no. 1 (2024): 25–66.
Krisch, Nico. “The Dynamics of International Law Redux.” Current Legal Problems 74, no. 1 (2021): 269–97.
Kulick, Andreas. “Provisional Measures after Ukraine v Russia (2022).” Oxford University Press, 2022.
McIntyre, Juliette. “Procedural Values in the Intervention Procedure at the International Court of Justice,” 2022.
Nazreno, Patricio. “Impunity Reconsidered International Law, Domestic Politics, and the Pursuit of Justice.” Harv. Hum. Rts. J. 33 (2020): 173.
Nirmal, B C, And Prakash Sharma. “Concept of Statehood Under International Law: Understanding in the Light of Situation in Palestine.” Indian Journal of International Law 60 (2021): 54.
O’Brien, Melanie. “Defining Genocide.” Journal of International Peacekeeping 22, no. 1–4 (2020): 149–69.
Obamuroh, Tolu O. “Jurisdiction and Admissibility: A Case Study.” Arbitration International 36, no. 3 (2020): 373–413.
Plachta, Michael. “Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes.” IELR 40 (2024): 63.
Ramadhan, Firdaus Aditya. “Peran Hukum Internasional Dalam Menengahi Konflik Israel-Palestina Pada Tahun 2023-2024.” Rio Law Jurnal 5, no. 1 (2024): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36355/.v1i2OpenAccessat: https://ojs.umb-bungo.ac.id/index.php/RIO/index.
Ramsden, Michael. “Strategic Litigation before the International Court of Justice: Evaluating Impact in the Campaign for Rohingya Rights.” European Journal of International Law 33, no. 2 (2022): 441–72.
Rudall, Jason. “State Responsibility.” In Responsibility for Environmental Damage, 49–101. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2024.
Sander, Barrie. Doing Justice to History: Confronting the Past in International Criminal Courts. Oxford University Press, 2021.
Sapir, Genevieve. Looking for Peace in All the Wrong Places: How an Imbalance of Power Stands in the Way of a Durable, Equitable Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. The Catholic University of America, 2020.
Sultany, Nimer. “A Threshold Crossed: On Genocidal Intent and the Duty to Prevent Genocide in Palestine.” Journal of Genocide Research, 2024, 1–26.
Sunga, Lyal S. Individual Responsibility in International Law for Serious Human Rights Violations. Vol. 21. BRILL, 2021.
Wasel, Samy Gad. “The United Nations Human Rights System.” L’Egypte Contemporaine 113, no. 548 (2022): 491–547.
Welch, Liam. “The International Court of Justice Ruling.” Socialist Lawyer, no. 94 (2024): 28–31.
Zipperstein, Steven E. The Legal Case for Palestine: A Critical Assessment. Taylor & Francis, 2024.
Downloads
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright
Copyright (c) 2024 the Auhtor(s) Published by Development Centre Research of Law and Scientific Publication on behalf of the Faculty of Law, Universitas Lampung.
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.






