The Polemic on Imposing Castration Sanctions against Pedophiles Perpetrators Based on the Human Right’s Perspective

Rakhmat Ubaidillah Ahror

doi:10.25041/constitutionale.v2i2.2341

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25041/constitutionale.v2i2.2341

Abstract

Sexual violence is a crime against humanity. Because, it is, closely related to human rights Cases of sexual violence caused the government to issue the idea of castration for perpetrators of sexual violence. However, this raises pros and cons in the community. The problem of this research is, how is the imposition of castration sanctions on pedophiles from a human rights perspective, and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing castration sanctions against pedophiles? The study uses a normative juridical and empirical juridical approach carried out on theoretical matters of legal principles. In contrast, the empirical approach is carried out to study the law in reality through behavioural assessments. The study results stated that the perspective of imposing castration sanctions on pedophile perpetrators also reaped the pros and cons in its implementation. Some thought that castration sanctions were quite effective if applied to perpetrators of sexual crimes to immediately provide a deterrent effect on perpetrators and break the chain of sexual crimes that developed in the community. Opinions against the castration sanction are also criticised by various groups, including human rights activists, because castration is considered a cruel punishment for perpetrators, and cruel punishments aim to torture the perpetrators of the crime, but this is undoubtedly related to human rights. Supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of castration sanctions against pedophile perpetrators. Supporting factors for the discourse of castration sanctions on perpetrators of sexual crimes against children are caused by the high number of sexual crimes in Indonesia, which has entered a dangerous stage. It was passed into Law Number 17 of 2016. The inhibiting factor is that castration sanctions are not allowed in the national criminal law system. The purpose of punishment, castration is a violation of human rights, seen from the facilities or facilities. Furthermore, there are obstacles from the executor of the castration crime, namely doctors, because it contradicts the code of ethics (KODEKI). Suggestions in this study should be in imposing criminal acts of sexual violence against children to pay attention to humane punishments without degrading and provide benefits, namely a deterrent effect.

Keywords:

Imposition of Criminal Sanction, Castration, Pedophilia

References

Agus Hartono, Wahyu, and Puguh Dwi Hananto. “Perbandingan Hukum Pidana Kebiri Bagi Pelaku Tindak Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Anak Dibeberapa Negara.” Jurnal.Uns.Ac.Id. Vol. 2, 2013. http://news.detik.com/read/2014/05/15/143524/2583289/10/3/ini-.

Anindyajati, Titis, Irfan Nur Rachman, and Anak Agung Dian Onita. “Konstitusionalitas Norma Sanksi Pidana Sebagai Ultimum Remedium Dalam Pembentukan Perundang-Undangan.” Jurnal Konstitusi 12, no. 4 (2016): 872. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk12410.

Arliman S, Laurensius. “Kedudukan Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia Sebagai State Auxiliary Bodies Dalam Sistem Hukum Ketatanegaraan Indonesia.” Justitia et Pax 32, no. 2 (2017). https://doi.org/10.24002/jep.v32i2.1151.

Even-Tzur, Efrat, and Uri Hadar. “Castration, Circumcision, Binding: Fathers and Agents of Socially Accepted Violence.” The Psychoanalytic Quarterly 88, no. 2 (2019): 349–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332828.2019.1587979.

Firmanto, Aditia Arief. “Kedudukan Pidana Kebiri Dalam Sistem Pemidanaan Di Indonesia (Pasca Dikeluarkannya PERPPU No. 1 Tahun 2016).” Jurnal Hukum Novelty 8, no. 1 (2017): 1. https://doi.org/10.26555/novelty.v8i1.a5523.

Ghaf, Aris Mohammad Ghaffar Binol, Merry E Kalalo, and Caecilia J J Waha. “Pemenuhan Hak Anak Korban Pedofilia Di Kota Manado Menurut Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia.” Lex Administratum 8, no. 2 (2020): 74–84. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/administratum/article/view/29687/28751.

Haines, Juan Moreno. “To Act Like a Democracy.” UCLA Law Review, 2021, 88–96. https://searchworks.stanford.edu/articles/edsglt__edsgcl.664859528.

Hasanah, Nur Hafizal, and Eko Soponyono. “Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Sanksi Kebiri Kimia Dalam Perspektif HAM Dan Hukum Pidana Indonesia.” Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 7, no. 3 (2018): 305. https://doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2018.v07.i03.p03.

Kurniasari, Alit, Nurdin Widodo, Badrun Susantyo, and Yanuar F Wismayanti dan Irmayani. “Prevalensi Kekerasan Terhadap Anak Laki-Laki Dan Anak Perempuan Di Indonesia Prevalence of Violence Against Boys and Girls in Indonesia.” Sosio Konsepsia 6, no. 3 (2018): 287–300. https://doi.org/10.33007/ska.v6i3.740.

Leon, Chrysanthi S., and Corey S. Shdaimah. “Targeted Sympathy in ‘Whore Court’: Criminal Justice Actors’ Perceptions of Prostitution Diversion Programs.” Law & Policy, April 27, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/lapo.12166.

Listiawatie, Liliana. “Penjatuhan Hukuman Kebiri Kepada Para Pelaku Kejahatan Seksual Terhadap Anak Dibawah Umur.” Kertha Wicara 6, no. 4 (2017): 1–15. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/kerthawicara/article/download/34021/20508.

Mardiya, Nuzul Qur’aini. “Penerapan Hukuman Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual Implementation of Chemical Castration.” Jurnal Konstitusi 14, no. 1 (2017): 18. https://jurnalkonstitusi.mkri.id/index.php/jk/article/view/14110/307.

Ningsih, Yuninda Tria, Duryati, Vanisa Afriona, and Thesa Dwi Djafar. “Dinamika Psikologis Anak Korban Pedophilia Homoseksual (Sebuah Studi Fenomenologis).” Jurnal RAP UNP 8, no. 1 (2017): 113–22. https://doi.org/10.24036/rapun.v8i1.7957.

Oegrosoeno, Arif Havas. “Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2005 Tentang Pengesahan International Covenant On Civil And Political Rights (Kovenan Internasional Tentang Hak-Hak Sipil Dan Politik).” Indonesian Journal of International Law 4, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol4.1.136.

Penelitian dan Pengembangan Humaniora dan Manajemen Kesehatan, Pusat, Kementerian RI Kesehatan Jl, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesejahteraan Sosial, Kementerian RI Sosial Jl Dewi Sartika No, and Cawang Jakarta Timur. “Pedofilia Sebagai Ancaman Tersembunyi Bagi Anak Pedophilia As A Hidden Threat Of Children. Yurika Fauzia Wardhani Alit Kurniasari.” Ejournal.Kemsos.Go.Id. Vol. 2. Kesejahteraan Sosial. Accessed January 21, 2021. www.kompasiana.com/lizanoor/edan-kasus-.

Raposo, Vera Lúcia, and Teresa Violante. “Access to Health Care by Migrants with Precarious Status During a Health Crisis: Some Insights from Portugal.” Human Rights Review, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-021-00621-5.

S., Tunggal, and Nathalina Naibaho. “Penjatuhan Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pelaku Kejahatan Seksual Terhadap Anak Dalam Perspektif Falsafah Pemidanaan.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 50, no. 2 (2020): 329. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol50.no2.2594.

Situmorang, Victorio Hariara. “Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sebagai Bagian Dari Penegakan Hukum.” Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum 13, no. 1 (2019): 85. https://doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2019.v13.85-98.

Todd, Therese L., and Preeti Chauhan. “Seattle Police Department and Mental Health Crises: Arrest, Emergency Detention, and Referral to Services.” Journal of Criminal Justice 72, no. August 2020 (2021): 101718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101718.

Wahyuni, Fitri. “296hukuman Kebiri Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pemerkosaan Anak Dan Kaitannya Dengan Hak Asasi Manusia.” Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan 6, no. 2 (2017): 279–96. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.6.2.2017.279-296.

Wulandari, Murfiah Dewi, Fattah Hanurawan, and Tutut Chusniyah. “Children’s Knowledge and Skills Related to Self-Protection from Sexual Abuse in Central Java Indonesia.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 29, no. 5 (2020): 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2019.1703231.

Yogatama, Astri. “Muatan Pornografi Anak Pada Lingkaran Pedofilia Di Dunia Maya.” Jurnal Ilmiah Scriptura 3, no. 2 (2009): 189–200. https://doi.org/10.9744/scriptura.3.2.188-200.

Kartanegara, Satochid. Hukum Pidana Kumpulan Kuliah, Bagian Satu. 1st ed. Jakarta: Balai Lektur Mahasiswa, 2001.

Rosidah, Nikmah, and Rini Fathonah. Sistem Peradilan Anak. 1st ed. Bandar Lampung: Zam-Zam Towers, 2017. http://repository.lppm.unila.ac.id/15653/1/Buku Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak.pdf.

Suyanto, Bagong. Masalah Sosial Anak. Jakarta: Kencana, 2010.

Yuriswanto, A. “Hukuman Kebiri Sebagai Pidana Tambahan Dalam Tindak Pidana Kejahatan Seksual,” 2017. http://www.netralitas.com/history/read/4142/proses-kebiri-paling-ngeri-di-6-negara.

the 1945 Constitution as a result of the 4th amendment;

Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Code;

Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian Police;

Law Number 16 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian Prosecutor's Office;

Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Powers of the Republic of Indonesia;

Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection:

Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Justice System;

Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2016 concerning the second amendment to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection;

Government Regulation Number 92 of 2015 concerning amendments to Government Regulation Number 58 of 2010 concerning Implementation of the Criminal Procedure Code.

Azanella, Luthfia Ayu. “Menurut Kak Seto, Kekerasan 22 Mei 2019 Sebabkan Anak Menilai Politik Kotor.” Kompas.com, 2019. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2019/05/24/03030061/menurut-kak-seto-kekerasan-22-mei-2019-sebabkan-anak-menilai-politik-kotor-?page=all.

Choiriah, Muchlisa. “Cerita Kejam Robot Gedek Dan Babe Habisi Para Bocah Karena Seks.” Merdeka.com, 2015. https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/cerita-kejam-robot-gedek-dan-babe-habisi-para-bocah-karena-seks.html.

Dewi, Bestari Kumala. “Ini Efek Hukuman Kebiri Kimiawi Pada Tubuh.” Kompas.com, 2016. https://health.kompas.com/read/2016/05/25/200500123/ini.efek.hukuman.kebiri.kimiawi.pada.tubuh.