The Countermeasures Efforts of Illegal Transshipment Impact as a Transnational Crime

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25041/plr.v3i1.2568

Abstract

The impacts and disadvantages of transhipment which even threatens sustainable development shows that transhipment can be identified as a transnational crime. On the one side, there is a need for legal countermeasures for the transshipment crimes in Indonesia so it does not occur again. But on the other side, transshipment actually becomes a necessity because fish landing mostly take time so that the fish are not fresh. In addition, the transshipment countermeasures also has some obstacles because there is no agency or institution with a special task of supervising and taking action against waters crimes in Indonesian in full authority to tackle transhipment. The problem that will be discussed in this article is how is transhipment related to transnational crime? And what is the countermeasures framework for dealing transhipment related to transnational crime? The research results showed that transshipment has been regulated in international law and national law. However, transhipment can be classified as a transnational crime because it fulfills the elements of a transnational crime and it is related to other transnational crimes. So there is a recommendation for a countermeasures framework of transhipment crime as a transnational crime, namely by establishing cooperation between the central and regional governments in the field of marine and fisheries. Then other recommendations related to handling fisheries crime cases such as transhipment can be carried out through a restorative justice mechanism that charges criminals to compensate for losses and recover fish resources due to their crimes.

Keywords:

Transhipment, Transnational, Crimes

References

FISH-i Africa, Illegal Fishing? Evidence and Analysis (Gaborone, Botswana: Fish-I 2017)

INTERPOL, Study On Fisheries Crime In The West African Coastal Region, France: General Secretariat Environmental Crimmes Programme, 2014

Aldhanalia Pramesti Salsabila, “Pengoptimalan Satgas 115 dengan ModelKoordinasi Satgas Pusat dan Daerah SebagaiBentuk Pencegahan Illegal Transhipment diIndonesia”, Lex Scientia Law Review 2, no. 1 (2018): 5-20.

Ardi Hendharto, “UNDERSTANDING IUU FISHING AS TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME WITH SPECIAL EXAMPLE OF BENJINA CASE”, Kajian 23, no. 2 (2018): 95-109.

Atika Zahra Rahmayanti, Bintang Dwitya Cahyono, dan Mochammad Nadjib, “IMPLIKASI KEBIJAKAN MORATORIUM PERIZINAN USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP TERHADAP SEKTOR PERIKANAN DI BITUNG”, Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 25, no. 1 (2017): 1-14, 3.

Chelsey F. Marto, “Human Rights Violations Consequent to Transshipment Practices in Fisheries”, Ocean And Coastal Law Journal 24, no. 1 (2019): 32-58, p. 37-38.

D.A. Kroodsma, N.A. Miller, and A. Roan, “The Global View of Transshipment: Revised Preliminary Findings.” Global Fishing Watch and Sky Truth, (2017),

Elisabeth Septin Puspoayu, Cindy Yunita Sari, dan Virania Cahya Ramadhani, “Praktik Illegal Transhipment Di Laut Lepas Berdasarkan Hukum Laut Internasional”, Mimbar Hukum 31, no. 1 (2019): 75-94, 90.

Fayakun Satria, Lilis Sadiyah, Agustinus Anung Widodo, Chris Wilcox, Jessica H. Ford, Britta Denise Hardesty, “Characterizing Transhipment At-Sea Activities by Longline and Purse Seine Fisheries in Response to Recent Policy Changes In Indonesia”, Marine Policy 95 (2018): 8–139, 8–13, DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2018.06.010.

Fernando Aprizal, Siti Muslimah, “PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP KASUS ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED, DAN UNREGULATED FISHING YANG DILAKUKAN TERHADAP KAPAL KM BD95599 TS DI LAUT NATUNA SESUAI DENGAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL”, Belli Ac Pacis 5, no. 2 (2019): 87-92.

Hanuring Ayu, “ARAH KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH MENGENAI ILLEGAL UNREPORTED UNREGULATED FISHING (IUUF) DI INDONESIA”, Humani (Hukum dan Masyarakat Madani) 9, no. 2 (2019): 181-192, 190.

Klaus von Lampe, “Transnational Organized Crime: Challenges for future research”, Crime, Law and Social Change 58, no. 2 (2012): 179-194, 182, DOI:10.1007/s10611-012-9377-y.

Kodrat Twin Riskiyanti, “Kebijakan Peraturan Menteri Kelautan Dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 58/Per-Men/2014 Terhadap Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Bitung”, Lex et Societatis 3, no. 5 (2015):80-87, 84.

Kristina Boerder, Nathan A. Miller, Boris Worm, “Global Hot Spots of Transshipment of Fish Catch At Sea”, Science Advances Research Article 4, no. 7 (2018): 1-11, 2, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat7159.

Lacey Malarky and Beth Lowell, “No More Hiding at Sea: Transshipping Exposed”, Oceana (2017): 1-14, 3.

Maharani Siti Shopia, Transnational Organized Crime, Buletin Kesaksian Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban, no. 3 (2012): 1-38, 4.

Mexsasai Indra, “Urgensi Pengelolaan Wilayah Perbatasan Dalam Kaitannya dengan Kedaulatan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia”, Jurnal Selat 1, no. 1 (2013): 13-18, p. 13.

Muh. Risnain, “The Eradication Concept of Illegal Fishing In Keeping Security and State Sovereignty in the Fisheries; The International and National Legal Perspective of Indonesia”, Jurnal Cita Hukum. Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Jakarta 5, no. 1 (2017): 59-74, 61, DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.4120.

Muhamad Karim, “EVALUASI DAN IMPLIKASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBERANTASAN KEJAHATAN PERIKANAN DI INDONESIA 2014-2018”, Jurnal Akuatika Indonesia 5, no. 1 (2020): 40-54, 50.

Muhamad, Simela Victor. (2012). Illegal Fishing di Perairan Indonesia: Permasalahan dan Upaya Penanganannya Secara Bilateral di Kawasan. Politica, 3 (1), 59-85, 10.22212/jp.v3i1.305.

Noer Indriati, “Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (Mlats) Sebagai Instrumen Pemberantasan Kejahatan Internasional”, Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 9, no. 2 (2009): 104-110, 105, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2009.9.2.218.

Pasili, “SANKSI PIDANA PERIKANAN TERHADAP KIA YANG MELAKUKAN ILLEGAL FISHING DI ZEEI”, Jurnal Hukum Universitas Brawijaya (2015): 1-22, 5.

Rizky Emelya, “DAMPAK PERMEN KP NO.56/2014 DAN PERMEN KP NO. 57/2014 TERHADAP EKSPOR IKAN TUNA INDONESIA KE AMERIKA SERIKAT”, eJournal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional 6, no. 4 2018: 1565-1582, 1584.

Rizky Emelya, “DAMPAK PERMEN KP NO.56/2014 DAN PERMEN KP NO. 57/2014 TERHADAP EKSPOR IKAN TUNA INDONESIA KE AMERIKA SERIKAT”, eJournal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional 6, no. 4 2018: 1565-1582, 1584.

Romli Atmasasmita, “Ekstradisi dalam Meningkatkan Kerjasama Penegakan Hukum”, Jurnal Hukum Internasional, Lembaga Kajian Hukum Internasional Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia 5, no. 1 (2007): 1-15, 3, doi:10.17304/ijil.vol5.1.145.

Savitri Nur Setyorini, “Penerapan Transhipment:Kaitannya Dengan Hak Bangsa Indonesia Atas Komoditas Perikanandan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan”, Jurnal Hukum Lingkungan 1, no. 2 (2014): 86-100.

Shinta Agustina, “Perdagangan Perempuan dan Anak sebagai Kejahatan Transnasional: Permasalahan dan Penanggulangannya di Indonesia”, Jurnal Hukum Projustitia 24, no.1 (2006): 47-62, 50.

Yayan Hikmayani, Rikrik Rahadian, Nurlailii dan Rizky Muhartono, “EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERLAKUAN KEBIJAKAN MORATORIUM KAPAL EKS ASING DAN TRANSHIPMENT TERHADAP KINERJA USAHA PENANGKAPAN IKAN”, J. Kebijakan Sosek KP 5, no. 2 (2015): 101-112, 102, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v5i2.1021.

Zainal Abdul Aziz Hadju, “Analisis UNCLOS 1982 Terkait Permasalahan Yurisdiksi Negara dan Penegakan Hukum Atas Kapal Berbendera Negara Asing”, SASI 27, no. 1 (2021): 12 – 23, p. 13, DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v27i1.254.

https://kumparan.com/kumparanbisnis/mantan-pimpinan-kpk-ungkap-praktik-transhipment-rugikan-negara-rp-100-t-1sst6QqZeaj/2, diakses pada 1 Maret 2022.

https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3286337/menteri-susi-selidiki-transhipment-illegal-fishing-di-wilayah-ini, diakses pada 21 februari 2022.

https://www.bpkp.go.id/berita/read/1457/11300/Rp-15-Triliun-Kerugian-Negara-Akibat-Transshipment, diakses pada 21 februari 2022.

https://www.mongabay.co.id/2015/10/07/lakukan-illegal-transhipment-kapal-asal-thailand-yang-ditangkap-di-sabang-ini-malah-melawan/, diakses pada 21 februari 2022.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Total Abstract Views: 21 | Total Downloads: 18

Downloads

Authors

  • Husni Mubaroq Kejaksaan Negeri Ogan Komering Ilir, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Haidir Syah Putra UIN Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia

Published

2022-06-29

How to Cite

Mubaroq, Husni, and Muhammad Haidir Syah Putra. 2022. “The Countermeasures Efforts of Illegal Transshipment Impact As a Transnational Crime”. Pancasila and Law Review 3 (1):55-68. https://doi.org/10.25041/plr.v3i1.2568.

Issue

Section

Articles